Artists achieve mesmerizing reactive and color-shifting effects in ceramics through precise manipulation of glaze chemistry. By combining specific metallic oxides, fluxes, and silica under controlled firing conditions, they create dynamic surfaces that transform with light or temperature. Copper carbonate, for instance, produces vibrant reds in reduction firing but shifts to greens in oxidation. Crystalline glazes, formulated with zinc oxide, grow intricate patterns during slow cooling. Modern techniques incorporate photochromic or thermochromic compounds for real-time color transitions. Mastering these reactions requires deep understanding of material interactions, kiln atmospheres, and cooling rates – turning pottery into a captivating alchemical art form where science meets creativity.