Metal sculptures are susceptible to thermal expansion, which can lead to structural deformities or cracks over time. To mitigate these issues, artists and engineers employ several proven techniques.

1. Material Selection: Opt for metals with low thermal expansion coefficients, such as stainless steel or bronze, which are less prone to warping under temperature fluctuations.

2. Structural Design: Incorporate expansion joints or flexible connections in the sculpture’s design to allow for natural movement without stress buildup.

3. Temperature Control: Install sculptures in environments with stable temperatures or use shading techniques to minimize direct heat exposure.

4. Protective Coatings: Apply heat-resistant paints or coatings to reflect sunlight and reduce surface temperature.

5. Regular Maintenance: Inspect sculptures periodically for early signs of stress and address minor issues before they escalate.

By combining these strategies, artists can ensure the longevity and integrity of their metal sculptures, even in varying climatic conditions.