Metalworking in sculpture can be broadly categorized into hot and cold techniques, each offering distinct advantages and artistic outcomes. Hot metalworking involves heating metal to high temperatures, making it malleable for shaping. Common methods include forging, casting, and welding. This technique allows for dramatic transformations, such as bending thick metal or creating intricate details, but requires specialized tools like furnaces and anvils.

Cold metalworking, on the other hand, manipulates metal at room temperature using processes like cutting, bending, and hammering. Techniques such as chasing and repoussé are popular for creating fine details without heat. Cold working is often more accessible, as it doesn’t require high-temperature equipment, but it may limit the scale or complexity of the sculpture.

The choice between hot and cold techniques depends on the artist’s vision, material, and desired finish. Hot working excels in durability and large-scale projects, while cold working offers precision and ease for smaller, detailed pieces. Understanding these differences helps sculptors select the best method for their creative goals.