Creating the illusion of tension or suspension in metal frameworks is a hallmark of skilled sculptors, blending artistry with engineering. One primary technique involves dynamic balance, where asymmetrical compositions suggest movement or instability. By carefully calculating weight distribution, artists make rigid metal appear weightless or strained, as seen in abstract works like Alexander Calder’s mobiles.

Another method is strategic material selection. Thin, tensile metals like steel rods or wire can be bent or welded to imply elasticity, while heavier elements seem to defy gravity. For example, Eduardo Chillida’s iron sculptures use contrasting thicknesses to evoke tension between solidity and space.

Negative space plays a crucial role. Gaps or open sections in the framework create visual "pull," making viewers perceive invisible forces. Additionally, angled joints or unfinished edges amplify a sense of precariousness.

Finally, light and shadow enhance the effect. Polished surfaces reflect light to emphasize strain points, while patinas add depth to suspended forms. These techniques transform static metal into dynamic narratives of tension and suspension.