Artists create sculptures that incorporate elements of surprise or interactivity by blending innovative techniques, unconventional materials, and audience engagement. One approach involves kinetic sculptures, where motion sensors or mechanical components respond to viewer presence, creating unexpected movements or sounds. Others use optical illusions, hidden compartments, or transformable structures that reveal new dimensions when interacted with.

Materials like translucent resins, magnetic elements, or even digital projections allow for dynamic changes in appearance. Some artists embed touch-sensitive surfaces or augmented reality (AR) layers, inviting viewers to physically or digitally alter the artwork. The key lies in balancing aesthetic appeal with functional interactivity, ensuring the surprise feels organic rather than gimmicky.

Conceptually, these works often challenge perceptions of static art, transforming viewers into active participants. Whether through playful humor, thought-provoking reveals, or sensory stimulation, such sculptures redefine the boundaries of traditional sculpture, making art a shared, evolving experience.