Authenticating antique wood carvings requires a combination of scientific analysis, historical research, and expert intuition. Collectors and appraisers begin by examining the wood's grain, texture, and patina, as aging wood develops distinct characteristics like cracks and discoloration. Tools like ultraviolet light can reveal modern repairs or synthetic finishes, while microscopic analysis helps identify the wood species and its regional origins.

Provenance research is equally critical—documentation, stamps, or maker’s marks can trace a piece to specific eras or artisans. Carbon dating may be used for exceptionally old carvings, though it’s rare due to cost. Additionally, stylistic elements (e.g., motifs, tool marks) are compared to known period techniques. Seasoned collectors also rely on patina consistency; uneven wear may indicate forgery.

Ultimately, combining material science with art historical knowledge ensures accurate authentication, preserving both the value and legacy of these intricate artifacts.