When evaluating the durability of wood carvings versus synthetic materials for sculptures, several key factors come into play. Natural wood carvings offer a unique organic beauty but require more maintenance than their synthetic counterparts. Wood's durability depends heavily on the species - hardwoods like oak and teak can last centuries with proper care, while softer woods may degrade faster.

Synthetic materials like resin, fiberglass, and plastics provide consistent durability unaffected by humidity or insects. These man-made options won't crack or warp like wood can, making them ideal for outdoor installations. However, high-quality wood carvings treated with proper sealants can rival synthetics in longevity while offering superior aesthetic value.

Maintenance differs significantly between the two. Wood sculptures need regular oiling or varnishing to prevent drying and cracking, while synthetic pieces typically only require occasional cleaning. Environmental factors also play a role - wood performs better in stable indoor environments, whereas synthetics excel in harsh outdoor conditions.

Ultimately, the choice depends on your priorities: wood offers timeless beauty and tradition but demands more care, while synthetic materials provide worry-free durability with less character. Many contemporary artists now combine both, using wood for its natural appeal and synthetic elements for structural support in large pieces.