Creating a flawless porcelain sculpture requires meticulous attention to the firing schedule, as even minor deviations can lead to cracks, warping, or glaze defects. The ideal firing schedule depends on several critical factors:

1. Clay Composition: Different porcelain clays have unique shrinkage rates and thermal tolerances. High-quality kaolin-based clays demand slower heating to prevent cracking.

2. Kiln Type and Atmosphere: Electric kilns offer precise control, while gas or wood-fired kilns introduce variables like oxidation or reduction. The firing atmosphere affects glaze colors and surface texture.

3. Temperature Ramp Rates: A gradual increase (typically 100–150°C per hour during bisque firing) ensures even heat distribution. Rapid heating risks thermal shock.

4. Peak Temperature and Soaking Time: Porcelain usually fires between 1200–1400°C. Soaking—holding the peak temperature—ensures glaze maturation without over-firing.

5. Cooling Phase: Controlled cooling prevents stress fractures. Faster cooling may be used for crystalline glazes, while slower cooling suits delicate forms.

6. Glaze Compatibility: Test tiles help verify glaze fit with the clay body. Some glazes require specific firing curves to achieve desired effects.

By balancing these factors, artists can optimize their firing schedule for durable, visually stunning porcelain sculptures. Always document each firing cycle to refine future projects.