Artists masterfully craft the illusion of depth in low-relief bronze sculptures through a combination of techniques that manipulate perception. By varying the height of the relief, they create subtle layers—higher elements appear closer, while lower sections recede. Strategic shading and texture play a crucial role; deeper cuts and rougher surfaces absorb light, enhancing shadows that suggest dimensionality. Perspective tricks, such as overlapping forms and foreshortening, further reinforce spatial relationships. The reflective quality of bronze also contributes, as polished areas catch light differently than matte finishes, adding visual contrast. Together, these methods transform flat metal surfaces into dynamic, three-dimensional narratives.