Appraising a bronze sculpture requires a keen eye for detail to identify flaws that may affect its value and authenticity. Here are the most common issues to scrutinize:

1. Casting Defects: Look for air bubbles, uneven surfaces, or incomplete sections, which indicate poor craftsmanship or rushed production. These flaws often appear as pits or rough patches.

2. Patina Irregularities: A genuine patina should have a natural, layered appearance. Beware of artificially applied patinas that appear too uniform or chemically induced, as they may mask repairs or forgery.

3. Structural Weaknesses: Check for cracks, especially near joints or thin areas, which can result from aging or improper handling. Stress fractures may compromise the sculpture’s stability.

4. Repairs or Alterations: Examine seams and joints for signs of welding or soldering, which could indicate restoration. Overpainting or mismatched patinas may also hint at undisclosed repairs.

5. Base and Signature Authenticity: Verify the sculptor’s signature and foundry marks. Fakes often have poorly engraved or misplaced markings. The base should also match the era and style of the piece.

By carefully assessing these flaws, collectors and appraisers can determine a bronze sculpture’s true condition and value. Always consult experts when in doubt to avoid costly mistakes.