Artists employ a variety of techniques to infuse metal sculptures with vibrant, enduring colors. One common method is patination, where chemical reactions create rich hues like blues, greens, and browns on bronze or copper. Enamel application, either through vitreous enamel or cold enamel, provides a glass-like finish that resists fading. Powder coating offers a durable, weather-resistant layer with endless color possibilities, while anodizing aluminum produces iridescent effects. For added depth, some artists layer translucent paints or use heat treatments to alter metal's natural tones. To ensure longevity, many seal their work with clear protective coatings. These methods allow sculptors to push beyond metal's natural limitations, transforming cold surfaces into dynamic, colorful statements that withstand the test of time.