Artists employ hammering and etching to transform flat metal sheets into dynamic sculptures brimming with texture and depth. Hammering, or chasing, involves striking the metal with specialized tools to create raised or recessed patterns. The force and angle of each strike determine the intensity of the texture, allowing for everything from subtle ripples to dramatic peaks.

Etching, on the other hand, uses acid or abrasive techniques to carve intricate designs into the metal’s surface. By masking certain areas and exposing others, artists achieve fine details that enhance visual complexity. Combining these methods allows for layered dimensionality—hammering builds bold forms, while etching refines them with delicate lines.

The interplay of light and shadow across these manipulated surfaces adds movement and life to the sculpture. Whether crafting abstract forms or realistic figures, mastering these techniques ensures each piece captivates both the eye and the touch.