Metal sculptures are renowned for their durability, but their resistance to biological and environmental degradation depends on material choice, environmental exposure, and maintenance. Common metals like bronze, stainless steel, and corten steel offer varying levels of protection against rust, mold, and weathering.

Bronze develops a protective patina over time, shielding it from further corrosion. Stainless steel contains chromium, which forms an oxide layer to prevent rust. Corten steel is designed to stabilize after initial surface rusting, making it ideal for outdoor installations.

Environmental factors like humidity, salt air, and pollution accelerate degradation. Regular cleaning, protective coatings, and proper placement can significantly extend a sculpture's lifespan. Biological threats like lichen or moss are usually superficial but should be removed to prevent moisture retention.

For long-term preservation, consider galvanized or powder-coated metals in harsh climates. With proper care, metal sculptures can withstand decades of exposure while maintaining their artistic integrity.