Abstract and representational metal sculptures differ significantly in technique, reflecting their distinct artistic goals. Abstract metal sculptures often prioritize form, texture, and emotional expression over literal representation. Artists working in this style may employ techniques like welding irregular shapes, hammering metal to create organic textures, or oxidizing surfaces for dramatic color effects. The process is frequently intuitive, with an emphasis on experimentation and unconventional material combinations.

Representational metal sculptures, by contrast, require precise technical execution to accurately depict subjects like figures, animals, or objects. Techniques often include careful measuring, template creation, and meticulous assembly to achieve realistic proportions. Many representational sculptors use traditional metalworking methods like lost-wax casting or repoussé (metal hammering from the reverse side) to create detailed features.

Material choices also vary between the styles. Abstract works may incorporate found objects or industrial materials, while representational pieces often use more workable metals like bronze or copper for finer detailing. The finishing processes differ too - abstract pieces might retain visible weld marks as design elements, whereas representational works typically smooth such marks for a polished appearance.

Both approaches demand mastery of metalworking, but abstract sculpture allows greater freedom in technique application, while representational work requires disciplined adherence to traditional methods to achieve recognizable forms. The artist's intent ultimately determines whether techniques serve expressive abstraction or faithful representation.