Artists harness the interplay of light reflection and refraction to transform metal sculptures into captivating visual experiences. By carefully shaping and polishing metal surfaces, they manipulate how light interacts with the material, creating dynamic effects that change with the viewer's perspective. Reflection amplifies brightness and contrast, highlighting intricate details, while refraction bends light to produce prism-like color shifts in translucent or polished metals. Techniques like brushed finishes diffuse light softly, while mirror-like polishes create sharp, dramatic reflections. Some sculptors even incorporate kinetic elements, allowing moving light patterns to animate static forms. These optical strategies not only enhance aesthetic appeal but also add layers of meaning, as the ever-changing play of light symbolizes transformation and impermanence in the artwork.