Metal sculptures placed in sunny locations often face thermal discomfort due to excessive heat absorption, which can affect both the artwork's integrity and viewer experience. Here are the most effective methods to mitigate this issue:

1. Material Selection: Opt for metals with lower thermal conductivity, such as bronze or stainless steel, which absorb less heat compared to aluminum or copper.

2. Protective Coatings: Apply reflective or heat-resistant coatings to the sculpture’s surface. Ceramic-based or light-colored paints can significantly reduce heat absorption.

3. Shading Solutions: Install pergolas, awnings, or strategic landscaping (e.g., trees or shrubs) to provide natural shade during peak sunlight hours.

4. Ventilation Design: Incorporate hollow or perforated designs to allow airflow, dissipating heat more efficiently.

5. Cooling Systems: For large installations, consider integrating misting systems or passive cooling techniques like water features nearby to regulate temperature.

By implementing these strategies, artists and curators can ensure metal sculptures remain visually stunning and physically comfortable, even in the sunniest spots.