Artists have long embraced the passage of time as a powerful element in metal artworks, using natural and intentional techniques to evoke history, decay, and transformation. One common method is patination, where chemicals are applied to copper or bronze to create vibrant, aged surfaces. Oxidation is another approach—artists expose iron or steel to moisture, encouraging rust to form organic, textured patterns that tell a story of weathering. Some even embed time capsules within sculptures, allowing future corrosion to reveal hidden layers. Others mimic erosion through mechanical distressing, sandblasting, or acid etching to simulate centuries of wear. By embracing impermanence, these artists challenge metal’s perceived durability, inviting viewers to reflect on the beauty of transience. From large-scale public installations to intricate jewelry, the interplay of time and metal continues to redefine artistic expression.