Wood carvings, like all organic materials, undergo natural aging processes that can alter their appearance and structural integrity over time. The aging of wood sculptures is influenced by a combination of environmental, biological, and human factors.

One of the primary causes of deterioration is exposure to fluctuating humidity and temperature. Wood expands and contracts with changes in moisture, leading to cracks, warping, and even splitting. Prolonged exposure to sunlight can also cause fading and surface degradation due to UV radiation.

Biological factors such as insect infestations, mold, and fungi pose significant threats. Wood-boring insects like termites and beetles can hollow out sculptures, while mold thrives in damp conditions, weakening the wood fibers.

Poor handling and improper storage accelerate wear. Dust accumulation, physical impacts, and chemical cleaners can erode fine details and finishes. Additionally, air pollutants like sulfur dioxide can react with wood, causing discoloration and brittleness.

To slow deterioration, wood carvings should be kept in stable environments with controlled humidity, away from direct sunlight. Regular cleaning with gentle methods and protective coatings like wax or varnish can also extend their lifespan. Understanding these factors helps preserve the beauty and longevity of wooden artworks for future generations.