Antique porcelain sculptures are prized for their beauty and craftsmanship, but over time, they often suffer from discoloration and glaze deterioration. Understanding the causes can help collectors preserve these delicate artworks.

1. Environmental Exposure: Prolonged exposure to sunlight, humidity, or temperature fluctuations can cause fading, cracking, or flaking of the glaze. UV rays break down pigments, while moisture encourages mold or mineral deposits.

2. Chemical Reactions: Acids, alkalis, or pollutants in the air can react with the glaze, leading to dullness or discoloration. Improper cleaning agents may also accelerate deterioration.

3. Physical Wear: Frequent handling or improper storage can scratch or chip the glaze, exposing the porous ceramic beneath to stains and further damage.

4. Inferior Materials: Some antique pieces were made with unstable pigments or low-quality glazes, which degrade faster over time.

5. Biological Factors: Mold, bacteria, or insect residues can embed into cracks, causing irreversible stains or weakening the glaze structure.

To mitigate these issues, store sculptures in stable environments, avoid harsh cleaners, and consult restoration experts for valuable pieces. Proper care ensures these historical treasures endure for future generations.