Bronze sculpture casting presents artists with a critical choice: hollow or solid casting. Each method carries distinct advantages and challenges, shaping the final artwork's durability, cost, and aesthetic impact.

Hollow casting, achieved through techniques like the lost-wax process, involves creating a thin outer shell of bronze. This approach significantly reduces material costs and weight, making large-scale sculptures more feasible. Artists often reinforce hollow pieces with internal armatures for stability. The method allows for intricate detailing but requires careful engineering to prevent structural weaknesses.

Solid casting produces denser, heavier works by filling the entire mold with molten bronze. While more expensive due to material usage, it offers superior durability for small-to-medium pieces. The technique excels in preserving fine surface textures and is often preferred for sculptures meant to withstand outdoor elements.

Contemporary artists frequently combine both methods, using solid casting for delicate protruding elements while employing hollow construction for the main body. Modern innovations like 3D-printed ceramic shells have further expanded possibilities, enabling precise control over wall thickness in hollow pieces.

The decision ultimately hinges on artistic intent, budget, and practical considerations. Master sculptors skillfully balance these factors to create enduring bronze works that maintain both structural integrity and visual power.