Wood carving finishes not only protect the artwork but also enhance its visual appeal. Here are the most common types of wood carving finishes and their effects:

1. Oil Finishes (Linseed, Tung, Danish Oil) – These penetrate deep into the wood, enriching its natural grain while providing moderate protection. They create a warm, matte to semi-gloss look but require regular reapplication.

2. Varnish (Polyurethane, Spar Varnish) – Offering a durable, glossy, or satin shield, varnish resists scratches and moisture. Polyurethane is ideal for indoor pieces, while spar varnish excels in outdoor carvings.

3. Shellac – A traditional finish that dries quickly, providing a smooth, glossy surface. It’s easy to repair but less resistant to water and heat.

4. Lacquer – Known for its fast-drying, high-gloss finish, lacquer forms a tough protective layer. However, it requires proper ventilation during application.

5. Wax (Beeswax, Carnauba Wax) – Adds a soft, natural sheen and smooth feel but offers minimal protection. Best used over other finishes for extra luster.

6. Stain & Dye – While not protective, stains enhance wood color. Pair them with a sealer like varnish for longevity.

Each finish impacts durability, texture, and appearance differently. Choose based on your carving’s purpose—whether for display, handling, or outdoor use.