The export and import of wood carvings made from protected species are strictly regulated under international and national laws to prevent illegal trade and protect biodiversity. The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) is the primary framework governing such transactions.

Under CITES, species are categorized into three appendices based on their conservation status. Carvings made from Appendix I species (e.g., certain rare hardwoods) are almost entirely prohibited for commercial trade, while those from Appendix II or III may require permits certifying sustainable sourcing. Exporters must obtain CITES permits from their national authorities, and importers must present these documents to customs.

National laws may impose additional restrictions. For example, the U.S. Lacey Act and the EU Wildlife Trade Regulations enforce penalties for non-compliance, including fines or confiscation. Buyers and sellers should verify the species' legal status, secure proper documentation, and work with licensed dealers to avoid legal repercussions.

Non-compliance can lead to severe consequences, including criminal charges. Always consult local wildlife agencies or legal experts before trading protected-species wood carvings.