The wax preparation stage is a critical phase in the lost-wax casting process, determining the final quality of the metal cast. Here are the key steps involved:

1. Model Creation: A precise wax model is sculpted or injected into a mold, replicating the desired final product. This model must be flawless, as imperfections will transfer to the metal cast.

2. Assembly: Multiple wax models are attached to a central wax sprue, forming a "tree." This structure ensures even metal flow during casting.

3. Gating System: Wax channels (gates) are added to guide molten metal into the mold cavity, preventing turbulence and ensuring proper filling.

4. Ceramic Coating: The wax assembly is dipped into a ceramic slurry and coated with refractory sand. This process is repeated to build a thick, heat-resistant shell.

5. Dewaxing: The ceramic-coated mold is heated, melting and removing the wax, leaving a hollow cavity for the molten metal.

Each step requires meticulous attention to detail, as errors can lead to defects in the final casting. Mastering wax preparation ensures high-quality, dimensionally accurate metal parts.